Linux DECnet Networking Layer Information =========================================== 1) Other documentation.... o Project Home Pages http://www.sucs.swan.ac.uk/~rohan/DECnet/index.html - Kernel info http://linux-decnet.sourceforge.net/ - Userland tools o FTP sites ftp://ftp.sucs.swan.ac.uk/pub/Linux/DECnet/ - Swansea University Computer Society DECnet Archive (contains kernel patches and info) - Mirror of userland tools on ftp.dreamtime.org - Mirror of Alexey Kuznetsov's iproute2 package and other utilities ftp://linux-decnet.sourceforge.net/pub/linux-decnet/ - Patrick Caulfield's archive of userland tools and Eduardo Serrat's kernel patches 2) Configuring the kernel Be sure to turn on the following options: CONFIG_DECNET (obviously) CONFIG_PROC_FS (to see what's going on) CONFIG_SYSCTL (for easy configuration) if you want to try out router support (not properly debugged yet) you'll need the following options as well... CONFIG_DECNET_ROUTER (to be able to add/delete routes) CONFIG_NETLINK (to allow rtnetlink) CONFIG_RTNETLINK (for communication with the kernel routing layer) CONFIG_NETFILTER (will be required for the DECnet routing daemon) 3) Command line options The kernel command line takes options looking like the following: decnet=1,2 the two numbers are the node address 1,2 = 1.2 For 2.2.xx kernels and early 2.3.xx kernels, you must use a comma when specifying the DECnet address like this. For more recent 2.3.xx kernels, you may use almost any character except space, although a `.` would be the most obvious choice :-) There used to be a third number specifying the node type. This option has gone away in favour of a per interface node type. This is now set using /proc/sys/net/decnet/conf//forwarding. This file can be set with a single digit, 0=EndNode, 1=L1 Router and 2=L2 Router. There are also equivalent options for modules. The node address can also be set through the /proc/sys/net/decnet/ files, as can other system parameters. Currently the only supported devices are ethernet and ip_gre. The ethernet address of your ethernet card has to be set according to the DECnet address of the node in order for it to be recognised (and thus appear in /proc/net/decnet_dev). There is a utility available at the above FTP sites called dn2ethaddr which can compute the correct ethernet address to use. The address can be set by ifconfig either before at at the time the device is brought up. If you are using RedHat you can add the line: MACADDR=AA:00:04:00:03:04 or something similar, to /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 or wherever your network card's configuration lives. You will also need to set /proc/sys/net/decnet/default_device to the device you want DECnet to route packets out of when no specific route is available. Usually this will be eth0, for example: echo -n "eth0" >/proc/sys/net/decnet/default_device There is a list of what the other files under /proc/sys/net/decnet/ do on the kernel patch web site (shown above). 4) Run time kernel configuration This is either done through the sysctl/proc interface (see the kernel web pages for details on what the various options do) or through the iproute2 package in the same way as IPv4/6 configuration is performed. Documentation for iproute2 is included with the package, although there is as yet no specific section on DECnet, most of the features apply to both IP and DECnet, albeit with DECnet addresses instead of IP addresses and a reduced functionality. If you want to configure a DECnet router you'll need the iproute2 package since its the _only_ way to add and delete routes currently. Eventually there will be a routing daemon to send and receive routing messages for each interface and update the kernel routing tables accordingly. The routing daemon will use netfilter to listen to routing packets, and rtnetlink to update the kernels routing tables. The DECnet raw socket layer has been removed since it was there purely for use by the routing daemon which will now use netfilter (a much cleaner and more generic solution) instead. 5) How can I tell if its working ? Here is a quick guide of what to look for in order to know if your DECnet kernel subsystem is working. - Is the node address set (see /proc/sys/net/decnet/node_address) - Is the node of the correct type (see /proc/sys/net/decnet/conf//forwarding) - Is the Ethernet MAC address of each Ethernet card set to match the DECnet address. If in doubt use the dn2ethaddr utility available at the ftp archive. - If the previous two steps are satisfied, and the Ethernet card is up, you should find that it is listed in /proc/net/decnet_dev and also that it appears as a directory in /proc/sys/net/decnet/conf/. The loopback device (lo) should also appear and is required to communicate within a node. - If you have any DECnet routers on your network, they should appear in /proc/net/decnet_neigh, otherwise this file will only contain the entry for the node itself (if it doesn't check to see if lo is up). - If you want to send to any node which is not listed in the /proc/net/decnet_neigh file, you'll need to set the default device to point to an Ethernet card with connection to a router. This is again done with the /proc/sys/net/decnet/default_device file. - Try starting a simple server and client, like the dnping/dnmirror over the loopback interface. With luck they should communicate. For this step and those after, you'll need the DECnet library which can be obtained from the above ftp sites as well as the actual utilities themselves. - If this seems to work, then try talking to a node on your local network, and see if you can obtain the same results. - At this point you are on your own... :-) 6) How to send a bug report If you've found a bug and want to report it, then there are several things you can do to help me work out exactly what it is that is wrong. Useful information (_most_ of which _is_ _essential_) includes: - What kernel version are you running ? - What version of the patch are you running ? - How far though the above set of tests can you get ? - What is in the /proc/decnet* files and /proc/sys/net/decnet/* files ? - Which services are you running ? - Which client caused the problem ? - How much data was being transferred ? - Was the network congested ? - If there was a kernel panic, please run the output through ksymoops before sending it to me, otherwise its _useless_. - How can the problem be reproduced ? - Can you use tcpdump to get a trace ? (N.B. Most (all?) versions of tcpdump don't understand how to dump DECnet properly, so including the hex listing of the packet contents is _essential_, usually the -x flag. You may also need to increase the length grabbed with the -s flag. The -e flag also provides very useful information (ethernet MAC addresses)) 7) Mailing list If you are keen to get involved in development, or want to ask questions about configuration, or even just report bugs, then there is a mailing list that you can join, details are at: http://sourceforge.net/mail/?group_id=4993 8) Legal Info The Linux DECnet project team have placed their code under the GPL. The software is provided "as is" and without warranty express or implied. DECnet is a trademark of Compaq. This software is not a product of Compaq. We acknowledge the help of people at Compaq in providing extra documentation above and beyond what was previously publicly available. Steve Whitehouse